Military Actions & Operations
Yugoslavia Conflict
General Inforamtion:
- Ground Forces: 114,000 active-duty soldiers and 1,400 artillery pieces.
- Anti-Aircraft Forces: 100 surface-to-air missiles: a mix of SA-2, SA-3, SA-6, SA-7,
SA-9, SA-13, SA-14 and SA-16. All of these pose a significant threat to NATO
airpower. Yugoslavia also has 1,850 air defense artillery pieces. Although not as
effective as the missiles, these are dangerous to NATO planes.
- Air Forces: 240 combat aircraft, including MiG-21s and MiG-29s, and 48 attack
helicopters.
- Mechanized Forces: 1,270 tanks, including T-72s, T-74s, T-55s and M-84s and 825
armored fighting vehicles.
- There are approximately 40,000 Serb troops in and around Kosovo now. These forces
are equipped with tanks and APCs.
- Serb forces around the Kosovo border are divided into deployed forces, garrison
forces, and reserve forces. The deployed forces have about 96 tanks, and the garrison
forces have around 30 tanks in garrison.
- There is a concentration of Serb troops along the border between Kosovo and
Macedonia, by the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia. These forces have been
building up for several weeks.
Enemy Forces:
- Ground Forces: 114,000 active-duty soldiers and 1,400 artillery pieces.
- Anti-Aircraft Forces: 100 surface-to-air missiles: a mix of SA-2, SA-3, SA-6, SA-7,
SA-9, SA-13, SA-14 and SA-16. All of these pose a significant threat to NATO
airpower.
Yugoslavia also has 1,850 air defense artillery pieces. Although not as
effective as the missiles, these are dangerous to NATO planes.
- Air Forces: 240 combat aircraft, including MiG-21s and MiG-29s, and 48 attack
helicopters.
- Mechanized Forces: 1,270 tanks, including T-72s, T-74s, T-55s and M-84s and 825
armored fighting vehicles.
- There are approximately 40,000 Serb troops in and around Kosovo now. These forces
are equipped with tanks and APCs.
- Serb forces around the Kosovo border are divided into deployed forces, garrison
forces, and reserve forces. The deployed forces have about 96 tanks, and the garrison
forces have around 30 tanks in garrison.
- There is a concentration of Serb troops along the border between Kosovo and
Macedonia, by the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia. These forces have been
building up for several weeks.
Some News Clips (For more go to DoD News):
In a News article, President Clinton said "some 60,000 Kosovars have been forced from
their homes in the past five weeks. Those refugees join some 200,000 already displaced
since fighting exploded last year between Serb forces and separatist ethnic Albanian factions.
"We have no quarrel with the people of Yugoslavia, who, for too long, have been isolated in Europe
because of the policies of their government," --NATO's Solana
The first wave of NATO Operation Allied Force primarily targeted Yugoslavia's
extensive air defense system, according to the Pentagon's top leaders.
"The air defense system in Yugoslavia is very capable and
it poses a considerable threat to NATO aircraft involved in
the operation," said U.S. Army Gen. Hugh Shelton, chairman
of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. "Although we have no
indication of casualties to U.S. or NATO forces at this
point, we're taking all measures to reduce the risk to
pilots and air crews. But there is no such thing as a risk
free military operation."
Cohen said, "Sea-launched cruise missiles from U.S. and British naval
vessels and air-launched cruise missiles from U.S. B-52
bombers began striking military targets throughout
Yugoslavia at about 2 p.m. EST"
11 NATO nations are participating in the operation. They are supplying
fighters, bombers, tankers, surveillance and other aircraft.
99/03/24 NATO forces struck more than 40 military
targets and shot down three Serb fighters during the first wave of air attacks
aimed at ending the Kosovo crisis. Allied forces detected, engaged and destroyed
at least three MiG-29s, Yugoslavia's most modern and capable fighter. Two U.S.
F-15s and a Dutch F-16 claimed the kills.
So far, almost 400 allied aircraft and several war ships have been involved in
Operation Allied Force. More than 40,000 NATO troops are in the region, Clark
noted. About 30,000 are in Bosnia and 10,000 are in
Macedonia. Any threats or moves against these forces by the
100,000-man Serb army would be "a grave mistake," he said.
99/03/28 - U.S. F-117 Stealth fighter went down
outside of Belgrade, Yugoslavia.
- We do not know what caused this plane to crash," spokesman Ken Bacon said at the Pentagon
- Pilot rescued
99/03/29 - NATO is tightening the noose around the Serb war machine,
NATO spokesman Jamie Shea said. Operation Allied Force is being effective, Shea said.
99/04/12 - WASHINGTON -- A total of 82 more U.S. aircraft will join NATO's Operation Allied Force air campaign against Yugoslavia, DoD officials announced April 10.
The air package comprises 24 F-16CJ fighters, four A-10 close air support aircraft, six EA-6B Prowlers, 39 KC-135 tankers, two KC-10 tankers and seven C-130 transports. The addition will bring the total number of U.S. aircraft committed to about 500.
99/04/14 - WASHINGTON -- NATO's top military commander has asked the United States for 300 more aircraft for use in the Operation Allied Force air campaign against Yugoslavia. U.S. Army Gen. Wesley Clark
99/04/16 - WASHINGTON -- President Clinton signed the executive order April 13 declaring the area around Yugoslavia a combat zone.

Information gathered from http://www.defenselink.mil/specials/urbanwarrior/
"Our enemies, having watched Desert Storm on CNN, know they cannot
engage the United States with conventional methods. These potential foes view
cities as a way to limit the technological advantages of our military. They know
that cities, with their narrow streets, confusing layout and large number of
civilian non-combatants, place limits on our technological superiority and
especially our use of firepower. We have to develop technologies that allow us
to win while minimizing collateral damage."
Col. Mark Thiffault, Director, Joint Information Bureau, Urban Warrior
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OVERVIEW
MISSION STATEMENT: To support the national
military strategy of preparing for the threats of a new
century and a changing enemy. To enhance
domestic national security. To conduct and refine
disaster relief and humanitarian assistance
operations for use in the United States and abroad.
To conduct urban combat operations and ready
Marines for the likelihood that battles in the 21st
Century will be focused in the world's rapidly
expanding urban areas.
MISSION GOALS: Using a sea-based, Navy-Marine
Corps team, provide humanitarian and disaster relief
assistance to a large, metropolitan city, including
food, water, shelter and medicine. Successfully
conduct an amphibious landing, helicopter assault
and mass casualty drill in response to an incident
involving chemical or biological weapons, and in
coordination with civilian police and fire departments.
Conduct a mid-intensity combat operation in an
urban environment against a backdrop of civil unrest,
and restore order.
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